Network Commands For Windows And Linux

Are you using internet? Are you aware of the networking command? As we all know OLD IS GOLD,Command line interface is the most convenien...

Are you using internet?
Are you aware of the networking command?

As we all know OLD IS GOLD,Command line interface is the most convenient option to do all the tasks in any operating system.
Here I am giving you brief information about important networking command.

Networking

For Windows:

In any of the Microsoft operating system command line interface is provided in the form of command prompt.To open command prompt write cmd in run menu(win+r).Some common command are explained in linux portion

ipconfig

It is console command which is use to display the current assigned network settings to any or all the network adapter like ethernet ,wireless etc on the machine.This command is used to verify a connection or your network setting.
ipconfig/all -
Displays the full TCP/IP configuration all physical addresses.
ipconfig/release -
It releases the current ip allows you to go of the address
ipconfig/renew -
It is used to obtain a new ip address

netstat

It gives you active TCP connection,protocol specific network statistics including ip routing table,IPV4 and IPV6 statistics.

It has various switches.Some important are listed below:

-a:Displays active TCP connection with port with stat
-b:Displays the process's actual file name.To use it first you have to complete netstat command's process
-e :Displays your network statistics including recieved and sent data errors unicast and non unicast packets

ping

It checks the ability of the source computer to reach a specific destination computer.Simply it is used to check whether your computer can communicate to another network devise or not.It send Internet Control Message Protocol(ICMP)Echo requests to the destination and waits for response and see how many packets are returned and in how much time.

nslookup

Displays the hostname of entered ip address.It queries your DNS to discover the IP address.

netuse

It is used to connect, remove or configure connection to shared resources like printer.

syntax:net use [{devicename | *}] [\\computername\sharename[\volume] [{password |*}]] [/user:[domainname\]username]

tracert

It is used to see how network packet sent and received and how many hops are required tfor the packet to get to its destination.

route

This is used to manually configure routes in the routing table.

getmac

It is used to get your local and remote MAC(physical) address.

For Linux:

netstat

Displays contents of /proc/net files. It works with the Linux Network Subsystem, it will tell you what the status of ports are ie. open, closed, waiting, masquerade connections. It will also display various other things. It has many different options.

tcpdump

This is a sniffer, a program that captures packets off a network interface and interprets them for you. It understands all basic internet protocols, and can be used to save entire packets for later inspection.

ping

The ping command (named after the sound of an active sonar system) sends echo requests to the host you specify on the command line, and lists the responses received their round trip time.
You simply use ping as:

ping ip_or_host_name

Note to stop ping (otherwise it goes forever) use CTRL-C (break).

Please note: Using ping/smbmount/ssh or other UNIX system programs with a computer name rather than IP address will only work if you have the computer listedin your /etc/hosts file. Here is an example:

192.168.1.100 new 

This line says that their is a computer called “new” with IP address 192.168.1.100. Now that it exists in the /etc/hosts file I don't have to type the IP address anymore, just the name “new”.

hostname

Tells the user the host name of the computer they are logged into. Note: may be called host.

traceroute

traceroute will show the route of a packet. It attempts to list the series of hosts through whichyour packets travel on their way to a given destination. Also have a look at xtraceroute (one of several graphical equivalents of this program).
Command syntax:

traceroute machine_name_or_ip

tracepath

tracepath performs a very simlar function to traceroute the main difference is that tracepathdoesn't take complicated options.
Command syntax:

tracepath machine_name_or_ip

findsmb

findsmb is used to list info about machines that respond to SMB name queries (for example windows based machines sharing their hard disk's).
Command syntax:

findsmb

This would find all machines possible, you may need to specify a particular subnet to query those machines only...

nmap

“ network exploration tool and security scanner”. nmap is a very advanced network tool used to query machines (local or remote) as to whether they are up and what ports are open on these machines.
A simple usage example:

nmap machine_name

This would query your own machine as to what ports it keeps open. nmap is a very powerful tool, documentation is available on the nmap site as well as the information in the manual page.

ifcfg

Use ifcfg to configure a particular interface. Simply type ifcfg to get help on using this script.
For example, to change eth0 from 192.168.0.1 to 192.168.0.2 you could do:

ifcfg eth0 del 192.168.0.1
ifcfg eth0 add 192.168.0.2

The first command takes eth0 down and removes that stored IP address and the second one brings it back up with the new address.

route

The route command is the tool used to display or modify the routing table. To add a gateway as the default you would type:

route add default gw some_computer